Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Bank Sampah Berbasis IoT dengan Mekanisme Validasi Berlapis Secara Real-Time

Abstract

Community-based waste bank management in Indonesia continues to face fundamental challenges in the form of manual recording practices that are error-prone and disconnected from physical sensors in the field. This study designs and develops a waste bank information system that integrates an ESP32 microcontroller with a PHP and MySQL web platform through a three-tier layered data flow architecture. The first tier is sensor data acquisition, in which the ESP32 transmits weight and distance data to the server via HTTP POST and stores it temporarily in a buffer table (tb_temp). The second tier is validation, in which an operator uses an AJAX-based interface that reads sensor data in real-time without page refresh, supplements it with waste category and type information, and saves the record to tb_validasi with an automatically calculated subtotal. The third tier is digital disbursement, in which the Admin selects undisbursed validation records and processes payments recorded in tb_pencairan. The system implements role-based access control for two user levels: Admin with full data management authority, and User who can monitor their own transaction history. Black-box functional testing of 23 test cases across seven modules yielded a 100% pass rate. The primary contribution of this study is the integration of a workflow from direct sensor readings to economically valued transactions within a single unified web platform, an approach not found comprehensively in previously published similar waste bank systems.

Keywords: waste bank; ESP32; IoT; information system; layered validation; digital disbursement; real-time