Prototype of a Wireless Text Data Communication System with Mesh Topology to Enhance Coverage Area Based on ESP32

Abstract

Indonesia, as one of the largest countries with a vast territory, still has many remote areas and small islands that remain unreached by telecommunication networks due to difficult geographical access. Consequently, several regions lack signal coverage. This study presents the development of a prototype wireless communication system using a mesh topology based on ESP32 technology. The ESP32 enables the creation of a network capable of transmitting text messages in areas without cellular signal coverage, allowing users to exchange information directly. Furthermore, this technology reduces the need for physical infrastructure, as it operates without cable installations, unlike conventional systems. The prototype demonstrated successful performance in point-to-point communication over distances up to 545 meters without relays. With four ESP32 modules, the network achieved a communication range of up to 1270 meters. Each message can carry a maximum of 244 bytes. This ESP32-based wireless communication system offers an alternative solution for network development in hard-to-reach areas and shows good performance with low latency, even when accessed concurrently by multiple users.