Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring dan Pengarah Panel Surya Berbasis Sensor Cahaya Untuk Optimalisasi Daya PLTS

Abstract

The utilization of solar energy as a renewable energy source requires a system capable of optimizing sunlight absorption. Fixed-position solar panels have limitations in following the sun's movement, resulting in less optimal power generation. This research aims to design and implement a solar panel monitoring and solar tracking system based on KY-018 light sensor modules to optimize the output power of a solar panel.The system was developed using an Arduino Uno as the main controller, two KY-018 light sensors, an MG996R servo motor, a voltage sensor, an ACS712 current sensor, a 16×2 I2C LCD, a 20 WP solar panel, a Solar Charge Controller (SCC), and a battery. Performance testing was carried out by comparing the tracker mode with the fixed-position mode based on voltage, current, and output power measurements.The results show that the proposed solar tracking system successfully follows the direction of incoming sunlight automatically. The tracker mode produced an average voltage of 13.17 V, an average current of 1.634 A, and an average output power of 21.52 W. Compared with the fixed-position mode, which produced an average output power of 20.67 W, the proposed system increased the output power by 0.85 W or approximately 4.09%.