Analysis of Thermal Comfort Aspects in Residential Units (Case Study: “Grand Al-Ikhsan Premier” Cluster, East Bekasi)

ANALISIS ASPEK KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA UNIT HUNIAN (Studi Kasus: Cluster “Grand Al-Ikhsan Premier”, Bekasi Timur)

Abstract

Thermal comfort is an important aspect of residential quality, particularly in tropical climate regions such as Bekasi, where high air temperature and humidity levels may lead to thermal discomfort if not supported by appropriate building design. This research aims to analyze the thermal comfort condition of residential units in the Grand Al-Ikhsan Premier housing cluster, East Bekasi, and to identify architectural and building physics factors that influence indoor thermal comfort. This research was conducted in seven residential units that were either unoccupied or in the final finishing stage. Measurement was carried out in the living room as the main occupied space, with measurement duration of approximately five minutes for each unit, during midday conditions and with doors and windows fully open. Parameters measured included air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity. Thermal comfort analysis was performed using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD), using CBE thermal comfort calculator. The results indicate that the thermal comfort condition of the observed residential units generally falls within warm to hot categories, with PMV values ranging from +1.34 to +2.16, and PPD values between 42% and 84%. Findings suggest that building orientation, opening configuration and type, and natural ventilation effectiveness are factors that influence indoor thermal comfort, and increased air movement plays a significant role in
reducing thermal discomfort.

Keywords: thermal comfort, PMV, PPD, residential housing, natural ventilation