Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Alat Penebar Pakan Ikan Otomatis Berbasis IoT

Abstract

Feeding is an essential factor in fish farming that significantly affects fish growth and survival rates. However, manual feeding practices often lead to problems such as irregular feeding schedules and inadequate monitoring of feed availability. This study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automatic fish feeder system capable of operating on a scheduled basis while providing real-time monitoring of feed availability. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller integrated with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to detect feed levels, an SG90 servo motor to control the feed gate, a 1-channel relay to drive the feed-spreading DC motor, and an LM2596 step-down module to regulate the system voltage. Sensor data are processed by the ESP32, displayed on a 16×2 I2C LCD, and transmitted to the Blynk application for remote monitoring. The test results indicate that the system operates according to the design specifications. Power supply testing produced an input voltage of 210.5 V and an output voltage of 11.56 V, while the LM2596 module successfully reduced the voltage from 10.69 V to 7.25 V with a duty cycle of 68%. The HC-SR04 sensor accurately detected feed levels under various conditions, namely 5 cm (100%), 25 cm (50%), 33 cm (30%), and 45 cm (0%). Furthermore, the system successfully transmitted data to the Blynk application in real time and provided notifications when the feed supply was nearly depleted. Therefore, the developed system can improve feeding efficiency and facilitate feed availability monitoring in fish farming applications.