Literature Study: Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) among Hypertensive Hospital Patients in Indonesia
Keywords:
Drug-Related Problems, hypertension, drug interactions, hospitalAbstract
Hypertension is one of the most common chronic health problems in Indonesia and requires lifelong therapy. This condition often requires patients to take more than one medication, thereby increasing the risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs). This study aimed to identify the types, prevalence, and causes of DRPs, as well as the treatment patterns of hypertension among hospitalized patients in Indonesia. A descriptive-analytical literature review with a narrative approach was employed. Articles were retrieved from Google Scholar, DOAJ, PubChem and Garuda using the keywords "hypertension," "Drug-Related Problems (DRPs)," and "hospital." Eligible articles were limited to those published in Indonesian or English between 2020 and 2026, available in full text, and addressing DRPs among hypertensive patients in hospitals. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed narratively. The results showed that DRPs among hypertensive patients in Indonesian hospitals remain common, with reported incidence ranging from 5.6% to 76.40%. Drug interactions were the most frequently identified type of DRP, with pharmacodynamic mechanisms as the predominant cause. The most influential risk factors included advanced age, the presence of comorbidities, polypharmacy, and combination antihypertensive therapy. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs), particularly amlodipine, were the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive agents. These findings confirm that DRPs remain a significant issue in the management of hypertension in Indonesian hospitals, underscoring the essential role of clinical pharmacists in reviewing prescriptions, monitoring therapy, and educating patients to reduce the risk of DRPs and improve the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment.
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